Quote, proforma, invoice, receipt, credit note: which to use

Which document belongs to which stage of a sale: when each is issued, who issues it, what it shows and its tax effect, with one order traced end to end.

The order the documents come in

Most sales pass through the same stages: an offer, sometimes a request for payment in advance, the payment request itself, confirmation that the money arrived and, now and then, a correction. Each stage has its own document with its own number. A later document refers back to an earlier one instead of overwriting it.

Quotation: before the customer decides

A quotation, or quote, sets out what you offer and at what price. An estimate is its looser cousin, an approximate price rather than a fixed one.

  • When: before the work or sale, so the customer can accept or compare offers.
  • Issued by: the seller, on request or as a proposal.
  • Shows: scope, quantities, prices, exclusions and a validity date.
  • Tax effect: none, because it is an offer, not a demand for payment.

Proforma invoice: paperwork before supply

A proforma invoice looks like an invoice but is issued before the supply, to state the terms in advance.

  • When: for a prepayment, an import licence or a letter of credit.
  • Issued by: the seller, usually once the order is agreed.
  • Shows: the expected invoice contents, clearly marked as a proforma.
  • Tax effect: generally none, since it is not a tax invoice for either side.

Invoice: the request for payment

The invoice is the document tax rules are built around, and the one most countries prescribe in detail.

  • When: at the agreed billing point, such as delivery, a milestone or completion.
  • Issued by: the seller, or the buyer under an agreed self-billing arrangement.
  • Shows: number, date, both parties, what was supplied, amounts, tax and due date.
  • Tax effect: the document on which tax is charged and, by the buyer, deducted.

Receipt: proof that the money arrived

A receipt closes the loop on a payment and ties it to the invoice or order it belongs to.

  • When: after a payment is received, one receipt for each payment.
  • Issued by: whoever received the money.
  • Shows: amount, date, method, payer and the invoice it settles.
  • Tax effect: usually none, unless it also serves as a simplified tax invoice.

Credit note: reducing an issued invoice

A credit note lowers or cancels an invoice that has already gone out, instead of editing it.

  • When: after an invoice, for returns, later discounts, cancellations or errors.
  • Issued by: the seller who issued the original invoice.
  • Shows: its own number, the original invoice, the reason and the amounts.
  • Tax effect: reduces the tax on the original invoice, as local rules set out.

Example: one order, five documents

A customer accepts quotation Q-2026-0031 for 40 display stands at USD 25 plus USD 80 packing: (40 x 25) + 80 = USD 1,080 before tax. They prepay half against a proforma invoice, and receipt RC-2026-0015 confirms USD 540. At shipment, invoice INV-2026-0042 bills USD 1,080, shows the USD 540 already paid and asks for the remaining USD 540.

Five stands arrive damaged. Credit note CN-2026-0007 names the invoice and credits 5 x 25 = USD 125, so the customer pays 540 - 125 = USD 415, and a second receipt confirms it. No document was edited after it was sent.

Moving between them in QuoteBill

In the editor a quotation can become an invoice ("Convert to invoice") or a proforma invoice; a proforma can become an invoice; and an invoice can have a receipt or a credit note made from it. Each new document is a draft with the same customer and lines that names its source, and the original stays unchanged. What each must contain depends on your country: the guides on credit notes, receipts, proformas and estimates cover it market by market.

140 Free Invoice, Quote & Receipt Templates

  • Free quotation generator

    Download the quotation as Excel or Word with the formulas working, or edit it online and turn an accepted quote into an invoice. Free with a QuoteBill account.

  • Proforma invoice template

    Free proforma invoice template: goods, prices, delivery terms and a valid-until date for prepayment or an import licence. Printed as "not a tax invoice".

  • Free invoice generator

    Download the invoice as Excel or Word with the formulas working, or edit it online with your logo and tax settings and save a PDF. Free with a QuoteBill account.

  • Receipt template

    Free receipt template for a payment you received: date, payment method, the invoice it settles and the amount. Download Excel or Word, or make a PDF online.

  • Credit note template

    Free credit note (credit memo) template: reduce or cancel an invoice you already sent, quoting its number and the reason. Download Excel or Word, or save a PDF.